What is JDM?
JDM is a rare autoimmune condition that causes inflammation of the skin and muscles, due to the immune system mistakenly attacking the small blood vessels supplying these tissues. This may result in characteristic skin rashes and muscle weakness (particularly around the hips and shoulders).
Signs to look out for
- Weakness in the hips, thighs, shoulders or neck. This can make everyday activities, such as climbing stairs or getting up from the floor, more difficult and can sometimes affect the muscles involved in swallowing.
- Tiredness and being less active than usual
- A purple-red rash on the eyelids
- Red, scaly patches over the knuckles, elbows or knees
How JDM is diagnosed
Diagnosis is based on the pattern of weakness and rash, together with blood tests for muscle enzymes and antibodies. An MRI of the muscles is often required. Occasionally, a muscle biopsy is requested for cases that lack the typical features of JDM.
How JDM is managed
Treatment aims to control inflammation quickly to protect the muscles and skin. This usually involves steroids together with longer-term medications to calm the immune system, such as methotrexate. Some children will require additional treatments.
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can trigger a JDM flare. Consistent sun protection, including protective clothing and broad-spectrum sunscreen, plays an important role in managing JDM.
Common questions
Will my child need treatment long-term?
Treatment often continues for months to years, depending on disease activity and response. Medication is gradually adjusted as appropriate. Whilst JDM is considered a chronic autoimmune disease, many children achieve complete remission by the time they enter adulthood.
Can my child play sport?
Yes, in most cases. Activity will be tailored to your child's muscle strength, disease activity and recovery, with a gradual return to sport as appropriate.
Can JDM come back?
Yes. Some children experience flares after periods of improvement, so ongoing monitoring is important even when symptoms settle.
Can JDM affect other parts of the body?
Yes. In some children, JDM can affect the lungs or other organs, so monitoring for symptoms beyond the skin and muscles is important.
Do we need a referral?
Yes. A referral from your GP or specialist is needed for a Medicare rebate. Please address this to Dr Jessica McGrath at Arc Specialist Care.
Seeing us in Brisbane
Ask your GP or specialist for a referral to Dr Jessica McGrath at Arc Specialist Care, then call us to book.
This page is general information only and is not a substitute for advice about your child's individual situation. Please speak with your doctor about your child's care.